Fuel distributor for internal combustion engines



Aug. 9, 1932. I F, FR 1,871,265

FUEL DISTRIBUTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 5, 1950 X R PX INVENTOR.

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HID ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 9, 1932 UNITED srarss Parana" errata].

FRITJOF FRELI N, OF PHILLIPSIBURG, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB TO'INGERSOLL-RLAND COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITYQNEW' JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF JERSEY FUEL DISTRIBUTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 'App1ication filed December 5, 1930. Serial,No. 500,245. i

This invention relates to fuel distributors, but more particularly to a fuel distributor for multi cylinder internal combustion engines of the solid injection type.

One object of the invention is to effect a uniform distribution of the fuel to the several cylinders, of the engine.

portions of an internal combustion engine to which the distributor may be applied and C is a casing which may besecured to the wall'B in any suitable manner, as by bolts D.

The casingC is provided at its lowerend with a projection E having an aperture F, a

portion G of which is threaded to receive a bolt H extending through a body J for securing the said body to the extension E. The outer portion K of the aperture F may, as shown, be in the form of a plane cylindrical surface to cooperate with the unthreaded portion of the'bolt for assuring concentricity of the body J with the extension E.

Additional means may be "provided to as- 7 sure this assembled relationship of the body J y and may be tightly fitted'into the body J to- With the extension '13, as for instance a bushing L which extends through the body J andis seated in a recess in the extension E. The bushing L forms a guide for the bolt H prevent leakage of fuel along the surfaceof the bolt H. Preferably the body J is in the form of cylindrical plate having a main supply passage P into which fuel oil under pressure may be introduced by a connection Q, secured to the body J in any suitable manner and lead: ing from a fuel pump (not shown). The inner end of the supply passage P opens into; an annular recess or groove R 1n thebody J and in this instance encircling the bushing L. From the recess R lead radial passages S,

only one of which is shown, but Which may be of a number equal to the number of cylinders T of the engine to which it is intended to supply the fuel. j

Near the outer ends of the passages S are apertures U which are threaded at their ends as at V and W to receive plugs X andiY respectively. Between the threaded portions V and W of aperture U is a smooth tapered portion Z to form a seat for a correspondguide b'havin'g a stem 0 extending through the plug Y and having a shoulder (Z against which the plug Y acts ingly tapered valve for pressing the tapered surface of the valve guide 6 into fluid tight relationship with the Wall of the tapered portion w 7 Within the valve guide 6 is a bore c to jaccommodate the stem 7" of a valve gfwhich cooperates with a seat h ofthe val'veguide 6 adj acentthe passage S for controlling communicationbetween the said passage 8 and a passage j in the valve guide 7) and the body J V The passagey' communicates with the bore e and also with a conduit leading to'aspray I nozzle o through which the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber of the cylinder T. The stem 7 is provided with 'a reduced portion" 19 adjacent the valve 9' and around which reduced portion the fuel may flow from the passage S to the passage j.

In order to assure prompt closing of the valve 9 upon the admission of the fuel to the cylinder the said valve is provided with a spring 9 which acts against the valve g at one end and withits other end against the bottom of a recess r in the plug U and into which recess the .valve 9 may extend when open.

valves g to the" open position comprises 'a plate member s disposed in the ca'sing C. The

member. s is secured to the end of a shaft't extending through thevvalls A and 'B and carrying on its opposite end a 'geara which, like the members, may be suitably keyed to the shaft t) Meshing with the gear a is a pinion?) whichmay be carried by'a cam shaft to of the engine and-whereby thememher 8 may be rotated. Y The assembly comprising the'shaft T, the

The means provided for actuating the I gear u and the member s is provided with frictionless bearings as and y. The outer race of the bearing :1? is disposed in the gear and the inner race upon the projecting end of a bushing or sleeve a which encircles the shaft and extends through the walls A and B. The outer race of thebearing y is seated in the member '8 while the inner race of said bearing is disposed upon an end of the bushing zlprojectin'g below the wall-B.

The member s, as'will'be ,readilylapparent, is thus rotated by the gear 1) and is provided with a slot 2 wherein :is' disposedvalve opening means shown in this instance as being in the form of a roller 3 which maybe journalled on a pin lqseated in the-member s. The roller 3 is so'jdi'sposed withinthe member s' that a portion of said roller lies beneath the member s to engage'tappets 5seated upon the valve stems f-and being guided inaperture 6-in the bottom of the casing IC and V wherein theymayrotate freely. The-tappets 5,,li-ke the valves 9., .are arranged in circular fashion about .a common axisand in the plane =3 traversedfby' the roller 3. Ontheends ofthe tappets 5which1e'Xtei1d into the casing C are heads 'T having central fiat portions 8 over which the roller 3 travels during the unseat ing of the valves grand the heads 7 which are of fnusto-conical shape 'present inclined :sur

faces 9 wherewith.,therollerl3 initially coiltacts to start the opening movementjof the valveg. I order that the rt'appets .5 =may he. con-V veniently adjusted to vary the .d-uration of the open jizer'iod ofthe; valves 9, :saidtappets are provided with threaded apertures 10 ,to receive mews or bolts 11,. the ends 1-2 of which'bearagainstthe ends of thevalve stems f; Preferably the bolts 11 are provided with lock nuts 13 for locking the bolts 11 firmly in the adjusted positions; r The operation of the device asffollows:

Let it be assumed that fuel under pressure is present in the passages S :andlthat the memher 8 is being rotated in the direction necessary for opening the valves 9 in their proper sequence and in accordance with the'firing order of the c linders "T. Ihe roller thendepress it 1e tappets '5 and consequently the valve 9 successively in the proper. order;

Upon the opening of each valveg fuel under v pressure will flow through the bore 6 into the passage j, thence through the conduit, to the .spray'noz zle .0 whereby it will be inclined surfaces 9 of the tappets at points near the lower edge of the said inclined sur-- faces and the roller 3 will therefore depress the tappets 5 and the valve 9 throughout a greater are of travel of the roller and the period during which fuel will flow from the passages S-to the passagesj will therefore be somewhat extended. j

Conversely, if it should be desired to reduce thefueliadmissi'on period, the tappets 5 may be adjusted so that the roller3 will ,contact with a small area of the inclined surfaces 9and the val-vesg will, in consequence,

be held open for a shorter period of time.

In-practice, the'present invention has been Thls 11s due found ;to, b.e extremely-,efiicient. togt'he fact that the valve actuating mecha:

nism, such as the'roller ,3 and the. member .9

whereby the roller is carriedand therefore the instriunentalities whereby the member s is supported and rotated, are not exposed across wide areas to .therequisitehigh pres sure :of the fuel suplplied to the cylinders inthe apertures and being revolt ablethere- 111, 9, vrotary member in the,cas'ing, ;and ;a roller gournal'led 1n the memberfandz acting upon thetappet for opening theval've' 2: In a fuel. distributor, the combination Witha body having fuel passages and valves to control the passages, of acasingafliXed-to thelbody andfhaving apertures in axiallalignment with the valves, .tappets, slidable in the apertures being i revolvable therein, frusto-conical heads" on the ta'ppets presenting inclined and flat surfaces and in the casing, a rotary ,member in the casing, and .a roller jou-rnalled in the member and rolling over the inclinediand flat surfaces for opening the valves and for holding'the valves momentarily open a In testimony: whereof]: have signed specification. r RITJOFFRELINL jected into the combustion chamber of the Whenever it is desired to changethe ,d-ura- H tion of the .open jperiodofthe valve .9, as for instance, to prolong the open. period, the

' screw 11 may be partly untlireaded andagaizn locked firmly in position by the lock nut 13.

This adjustment will cause the tappet to ex: 7 i

tend aslightly greater distance into the cas C so that the roller 3 may strike the'in- 

